Bessie Delany
Sadie DelanyI was watching a very amazing movie about Bessie and Sadie Delany and the movie and play that depicted their story is called Having Our Say: The Delany Sisters First 100 Years. To think that their story became a hit play, New Times Best Seller and a wonderful movie from a simple article! These sister lived well over 100 years and their story is amazing and fufilling! Take a look and see why it inspired me and hopefully inspire you.
The New York TimesSUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1991Copyright © 1991 The New York Times
Two 'Maiden Ladies' With Century-Old Stories to Tell
By AMY HILL HEARTH
By AMY HILL HEARTH
MOUNT VERNON -"I don’t see why everybody’s making such a fuss about us," said Sarah Delany, who was talking about herself and her "little" sister, Dr. Elizabeth Delany, who celebrated her 100th birthday on Sept. 3. The Delany sisters, who live together in the house they bought here 34 years ago, are a little overwhelmed. Their birthdays have been recognized by the White House, Gov. Mario M. Cuomo, Mayor Ronald A. Blackwood of Mount Vernon and even by Willard Scott, the weatherman on NBC’s "Today" show. "We’re not anything special," insisted Sarah Delany, who is called Sadie. "We’re just two old maids." But if the sisters don’t see themselves as extraordinary, it is easy to see why others do. For one thing, the sisters are as alert as 30-year-olds. They still maintain their finances and run the household without help. On a recent afternoon, a visitor was welcomed into their Victorian-era living room, where crocheted dollies are draped across the backs of parlor chairs and a piano serves as the centerpiece of the room. There was no date, name or other detail that the sisters could not recall about their century long lives. And as for current events, the sisters read newspapers daily and watch the "MacNeil-Lehrer Newshour" on Public Television each weeknight. They are women of considerable accomplishment, having had successful careers -- one as a dentist and the other, a teacher -- during an era when black women had very few opportunities.
How It Was Before Jim Crow Laws
The daughters of a slave, the Delany sisters remember life in their native Raleigh, N.C., before the passage of Jim Crow laws that institutionalized segregation by race at the turn of the century. As young women, they moved to New York City, living in Harlem during its heyday in the 20’s and 30’s. They have stories to tell. The sisters attribute their longevity to their life style. They perform yoga exercises each morning except Sunday. They never drink water from the tap without boiling it first. They start the day with a swallow of cod liver oil and a chopped clove of garlic. They attend St. John, St. Paul and St. Clement Episcopal Church in Mount Vernon and hold daily prayer vigils at home. And they enjoy each other’s company. The sisters added, in jest, that another reason they have lived so long is that neither one ever married. "We never had husbands to worry us to death," Bessie Delany said. As for other secrets of longevity: "No drinking, no chewing, no smoking," said Sadie Delany, sweetly but firmly. "And always clean your plate." The Delany Sisters were born on the campus of St. Augustine’s College, a school for blacks in Raleigh where their father, Henry Beard Delany, was a teacher and administrator and their mother, Nanny James Delany, was the matron supervising day-to-day operations. Their father was born into slavery in St. Mary’s Ga., on the coast near the Florida border. Henry Beard Delany was 6 years old "when the surrender came," she said referring to Gen. Robert E. Lee‘s surrender to the Union at Appomattox Court House. Their mother was an issue-free Negro whose ancestry was mostly white and who could have passed as a white woman if she had wanted to, the sisters said. An issue-free Negro was an individual who had some black ancestry but whose mother was a free person. When their father was a young man, a white Episcopal priest encouraged him to get an education and become a minister. Thus, their father began a long career as a distinguished theologian, eventually becoming the first elected black bishop of the Episcopal Church in America. The sisters recalled that their parents were strict and held high expectations. There were 10 children. As adults, they all enjoyed successful careers. Among them were two dentists, a doctor, two lawyers (one of whom became a judge ) and three teachers. Besides Sadie and Bessie, another sister, 87-year-old Laura Edith Murrell of Oakland, Calif., is also alive. The family was poor, the sisters said, and the siblings worked and saved to pay for college. "We had everything a family could want except money," Bessie Delany said. "We didn’t have one cent." As young girls, the sisters said, their lives changed abruptly with the passage, around 1900, of the Jim Crow laws. "Suddenly, everything was different," Bessie Delany said. "All of a sudden," she recalled, "we were told we had to sit in the back of the streetcars. Before that, we sat anywhere we wanted to."
They remember the day when they went to Johnson’s Drug Store in Raleigh for a limeade, as was their custom, only to be told they would no longer be served. And they vividly recall the day they went to a spring to get water and found that a divider had been placed across the middle of the spring, along with a sign on one side that read "Whites Only." (When no one was looking, Bessie Delany reached across the divider and dipped water from the white side. "We were children, after all," she said.) They remember the signs at city parks in Raleigh that read. "No Jews or Dogs Allowed." "They didn’t even think enough of us to put ‘No Coloreds’ on the sign," Bessie Delany said. "Obviously they did not want us there either." "It was a terrible time," Sadie Delany added. "People got lynched – it was just terrible." Asked if they knew anyone who was lynched, Bessie Delany replied: "Are you kidding? It seemed like everybody was lynched. People were lynched all the time – white and black." None of the Delay men met that fate, she added. The sisters were protected and sheltered. "We were not allowed to go anywhere without an escort," Sadie Delany said. "And Papa forbade us to talk to white men or married men, because he said there was no good reason for us to have anything to do with them." Black women, the sisters said, were frequently molested by white men. Despite their protected upbringing, the sisters had ambitious plans for the future. When one of their brothers moved to New York City, they soon followed to pursue their education.
The daughters of a slave, the Delany sisters remember life in their native Raleigh, N.C., before the passage of Jim Crow laws that institutionalized segregation by race at the turn of the century. As young women, they moved to New York City, living in Harlem during its heyday in the 20’s and 30’s. They have stories to tell. The sisters attribute their longevity to their life style. They perform yoga exercises each morning except Sunday. They never drink water from the tap without boiling it first. They start the day with a swallow of cod liver oil and a chopped clove of garlic. They attend St. John, St. Paul and St. Clement Episcopal Church in Mount Vernon and hold daily prayer vigils at home. And they enjoy each other’s company. The sisters added, in jest, that another reason they have lived so long is that neither one ever married. "We never had husbands to worry us to death," Bessie Delany said. As for other secrets of longevity: "No drinking, no chewing, no smoking," said Sadie Delany, sweetly but firmly. "And always clean your plate." The Delany Sisters were born on the campus of St. Augustine’s College, a school for blacks in Raleigh where their father, Henry Beard Delany, was a teacher and administrator and their mother, Nanny James Delany, was the matron supervising day-to-day operations. Their father was born into slavery in St. Mary’s Ga., on the coast near the Florida border. Henry Beard Delany was 6 years old "when the surrender came," she said referring to Gen. Robert E. Lee‘s surrender to the Union at Appomattox Court House. Their mother was an issue-free Negro whose ancestry was mostly white and who could have passed as a white woman if she had wanted to, the sisters said. An issue-free Negro was an individual who had some black ancestry but whose mother was a free person. When their father was a young man, a white Episcopal priest encouraged him to get an education and become a minister. Thus, their father began a long career as a distinguished theologian, eventually becoming the first elected black bishop of the Episcopal Church in America. The sisters recalled that their parents were strict and held high expectations. There were 10 children. As adults, they all enjoyed successful careers. Among them were two dentists, a doctor, two lawyers (one of whom became a judge ) and three teachers. Besides Sadie and Bessie, another sister, 87-year-old Laura Edith Murrell of Oakland, Calif., is also alive. The family was poor, the sisters said, and the siblings worked and saved to pay for college. "We had everything a family could want except money," Bessie Delany said. "We didn’t have one cent." As young girls, the sisters said, their lives changed abruptly with the passage, around 1900, of the Jim Crow laws. "Suddenly, everything was different," Bessie Delany said. "All of a sudden," she recalled, "we were told we had to sit in the back of the streetcars. Before that, we sat anywhere we wanted to."
They remember the day when they went to Johnson’s Drug Store in Raleigh for a limeade, as was their custom, only to be told they would no longer be served. And they vividly recall the day they went to a spring to get water and found that a divider had been placed across the middle of the spring, along with a sign on one side that read "Whites Only." (When no one was looking, Bessie Delany reached across the divider and dipped water from the white side. "We were children, after all," she said.) They remember the signs at city parks in Raleigh that read. "No Jews or Dogs Allowed." "They didn’t even think enough of us to put ‘No Coloreds’ on the sign," Bessie Delany said. "Obviously they did not want us there either." "It was a terrible time," Sadie Delany added. "People got lynched – it was just terrible." Asked if they knew anyone who was lynched, Bessie Delany replied: "Are you kidding? It seemed like everybody was lynched. People were lynched all the time – white and black." None of the Delay men met that fate, she added. The sisters were protected and sheltered. "We were not allowed to go anywhere without an escort," Sadie Delany said. "And Papa forbade us to talk to white men or married men, because he said there was no good reason for us to have anything to do with them." Black women, the sisters said, were frequently molested by white men. Despite their protected upbringing, the sisters had ambitious plans for the future. When one of their brothers moved to New York City, they soon followed to pursue their education.
All Patients Accepted
Sadie Delany attended a two-year program at Pratt Institute in Brooklyn and graduated at age 31 with a bachelor’s degree from Teachers College at Columbia University in 1920. In 1925 she earned a master’s degree in education from Columbia. Bessie Delany graduated in 1923 -- when she was 32 -- from the School of Dental and Oral Surgery at Columbia University. She was the second black woman licensed to practice dentistry in New York City. Bessie Delany became known in Harlem for never turning away a needy patient, no matter how poor or sick. "I remember a child with syphilis, and nobody else would touch her," she said. "I said, Well, somebody’s got to help her, so I did." The sisters shared an apartment at 145th Street and Seventh Avenue in Harlem, 10 blocks north of the office where Bessie Delany practiced dentistry. Harlem was lively and prosperous, and "a woman could go where she wanted without being afraid," Bessie Delany said. The sisters socialized with many of the most prominent blacks of that era, including W.E.B. DuBois, Paul Robeson and Langston Hughes. While Bessie Delany practiced dentistry, Sadie Delany taught home economics at P.S. 119 in Manhattan, Theodore Roosevelt High School in the Bronx, Girls High School in Brooklyn and finally, at Evander Childs High School in the Bronx. "I was the first appointed Negro in home economics at the high school level in new York City," she said. That was in 1926.
Obstacles to Becoming a Teacher
But Sadie Delany recalled obstacles she faced. "High schools would boast that they did not have Negro teachers," she said. To get her first high school teaching position, she skipped a meeting she was supposed to have attended, received her teaching appointment though the mail and "just showed up" on the first day of school, she said. "They just about dropped dead when they saw me," she said with a laugh. One way black teachers were prevented from teaching at certain schools was that administrators would refuse to hire anyone with a Southern accent, claiming it was bad for the children, Sadie Delany said. "Of course, many black teachers had Southern accents, so it was just a way of keeping us out." Bessie Delany said she also had encountered prejudice. She recalled an incident in dentistry school at Columbia. An instructor was dissatisfied with her work and told her to do an assignment over. Bessie Delany and her friends believed the instructor had failed her because she was black. To prove it, one of her white female friends – there were 11 women in a class of 200 – volunteered to secretly present Bessie Delany’s failed work as her own. It was promptly passed by the same instructor, she said. There were other frustrating and humiliating incidents, such as one that occurred at the Hotel Pennsylvania in Manhattan in 1924 when Bessie Delany asked a man at the front desk for directions to the room where she was to attend a medical conference. "That louse directed me to the men’s room," she said, her voice rising in anger. More than 65 years after the incident, she says, "I have never gotten over that." Bessie Delany retired in 1950 to take care of the sisters’ widowed mother, who had moved from North Carolina to the Bronx, where she died at age 95. Sadie Delany continued to teach until 1960. In 1957, the sisters moved to their house in Mount Vernon, where they have lived quietly ever since.
1889 - Sadie is born.
1891 - Bessie is born.
1991 - Amy Hill Hearth followers her instinct and her heart to the Delany sisters’ doorstep in Mt. Vernon, New York, on an assignment for The New York Times.
1991 - Her article "Two ‘Maiden Ladies’ with Century-Old Stories to Tell" appears on September 22.
1991 - People at Kodansha America Publishers read the article and invite Amy and the sisters to do a book.
1993 - Having Our Say, The Delany Sisters’ First 100 Years, is published. Sadie and Bessie, at 104 and 102, talk to the press and enjoy it very much.
1993 - By December 7, the book is on the bestseller list, where it remains for 28 weeks.
1993 - Producers Cosby and James and writer Emily Mann begin the dramatic process.
1994 - Dell Publishers releases the paperback. It enters the paperback bestseller list at No. 8, jumping up to No. 3, and remains on the bestseller list.
1995 - Having Our Say, "A Play Of The Century," enjoys hugely successful runs at Princeton’s McCarter Theatre, and the Booth Theatre for nine months on Broadway.
1995 - September 25, Dr. "Bessie" dies at her home in Mt. Vernon in her sleep at age 104.
1996 - Having Our Say plays Chicago for five months and goes on a ten-month tour visiting 58 U.S.A. cities.
1997 - February. Sadie’s third book comes out, On My Own at 107: Reflections on Life Without Bessie.
1997 - September. Sadie celebrates her 108th birthday.
1998 - January. Having Our Say leaves for a college tour visiting campuses in at least 34 more cities.
1998 - June. Having Our Say opens its first international date in Johannesburg.
1999 - January 18, production begins for the Kraft sponsored CBS movie of Having Our Say - to air April 18, 1999.
1999 - January 25, the remarkable Miss Sadie, 109, died peacefully at her home in Mt. Vernon.
1891 - Bessie is born.
1991 - Amy Hill Hearth followers her instinct and her heart to the Delany sisters’ doorstep in Mt. Vernon, New York, on an assignment for The New York Times.
1991 - Her article "Two ‘Maiden Ladies’ with Century-Old Stories to Tell" appears on September 22.
1991 - People at Kodansha America Publishers read the article and invite Amy and the sisters to do a book.
1993 - Having Our Say, The Delany Sisters’ First 100 Years, is published. Sadie and Bessie, at 104 and 102, talk to the press and enjoy it very much.
1993 - By December 7, the book is on the bestseller list, where it remains for 28 weeks.
1993 - Producers Cosby and James and writer Emily Mann begin the dramatic process.
1994 - Dell Publishers releases the paperback. It enters the paperback bestseller list at No. 8, jumping up to No. 3, and remains on the bestseller list.
1995 - Having Our Say, "A Play Of The Century," enjoys hugely successful runs at Princeton’s McCarter Theatre, and the Booth Theatre for nine months on Broadway.
1995 - September 25, Dr. "Bessie" dies at her home in Mt. Vernon in her sleep at age 104.
1996 - Having Our Say plays Chicago for five months and goes on a ten-month tour visiting 58 U.S.A. cities.
1997 - February. Sadie’s third book comes out, On My Own at 107: Reflections on Life Without Bessie.
1997 - September. Sadie celebrates her 108th birthday.
1998 - January. Having Our Say leaves for a college tour visiting campuses in at least 34 more cities.
1998 - June. Having Our Say opens its first international date in Johannesburg.
1999 - January 18, production begins for the Kraft sponsored CBS movie of Having Our Say - to air April 18, 1999.
1999 - January 25, the remarkable Miss Sadie, 109, died peacefully at her home in Mt. Vernon.
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1 comment:
I have one of their books. And I find it beneficial and necessary to know alot of the information they had to share. After all, the old days contained much of the wisdom that is being kept hidden from today's generation.
The only thing I didn't really find appealing was the attitude about marriage. Shunning matrimony just to live longer makes no sense. It's selfish really. One would think that considering they were raised in a religious family, they would have understood the important of procreation to GOD. Instead, they chose to live as long as they "wanted" without the "worry" of a husband. That's not a very Christian outlook.
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